Which material serves as the interface in mammography grids?

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In mammography grids, the space between the lead strips is filled with an interface material that is radiolucent, so it doesn’t appreciably absorb the primary X-ray beam and doesn’t obscure details. Carbon is used for this interspace because it is radiolucent, strong, and lightweight, which helps maintain the grid spacing without adding significant attenuation to the beam. This preserves image brightness and contrast at the low energies used in mammography. The other materials listed—copper, aluminum, and tin—attenuate more X-rays at those energies, which would reduce image quality or require higher dose. So carbon best serves as the interface material.