Image brightness is adjusted by changing which display parameter?

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Brightness on the display is controlled by the window level. The window level sets the center of the grayscale range, so increasing it moves midtones toward lighter values and makes the image appear brighter, while decreasing it makes the image darker. Window width, on the other hand, changes how many gray tones are available (the range of densities), which primarily alters contrast rather than overall brightness. Exposure index relates to dose exposure, not display brightness, and image contrast is governed mainly by window width and processing LUTs, not the brightness setting. So adjusting the window level is what changes how bright the image looks.